Relationship between reduced IL-10 expression and improvement of periodontal conditions of periodontal and diabetic patients

OBJECTIVE: Th is study aims to determine the profi le of infl ammatory proteins in unstimulated whole saliva of periodontal patients with or without type 2 diabetes two months aft er non-surgical periodontal therapy. METHODS: Fift y-six patients were enrolled: PD group with 21 patients, PD + DM group with 20 patients and control group with 15 patients. Clinical examination and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement were performed before and two months aft er periodontal therapy. Saliva samples were collected to assess 39 salivary proteins using Multiplex Cytokine Profi ling Assay. RESULTS: Th ere were signifi cant reduction two months aft er periodontal therapy for salivary levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, IL-10, eotaxin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-3 in PD group, and for salivary levels of IL-1ra, IL-10 and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α) in PD+DM group. Clinical parameters improved signifi – cantly aft er periodontal therapy in both diseased groups, and HbA1c levels in PD+DM group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Non-surgical periodontal therapy was eff ective in producing shortterm clinical benefi ts to the patients with a signifi cant reduction of important infl ammatory markers related to the pathogenesis of the disease. Among the studied cytokines only IL-10 shared similar outcome in the diseased groups, suggesting its potential applicability as a salivary biomarker for monitoring periodontitis associated or not to diabetes and infl ammation during the early response to therapy.